Usage examples of "counterfactual" in English with translation to Russian

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Translations: all7 нереальный1 other translations6

In economics, we seldom have a clearly defined counterfactual: В экономике, мы редко сталкиваемся с явным противоречием фактам:

First, there is the counterfactual case: How would Japan’s economy have performed in the absence of fiscal stimulus? Во-первых, нужно рассмотреть гипотетический вариант: как бы развивалась экономика Японии без финансовых стимулов?

That, together with the counterfactual - the economic calamity that would befall Germany following a collapse of the euro - implies a unique obligation to maintain it. Это, вместе с гипотетическим экономическим бедствием, которое настигнет Германию после краха евро, подразумевает уникальное обязательство Германии поддерживать его.

In economics, we seldom have a clearly defined counterfactual: Would the economy have performed even better or a little differently if someone else had been at the helm? В экономике, мы редко сталкиваемся с явным противоречием фактам: работала бы экономика еще лучше или немного по-другому, если бы у руля был кто-то другой?

I have the honour to inform you that the allegations made by the Iraqi Government in these two letters are no more than a reiteration of the fabrications and counterfactual claims to which it has persisted in giving currency. Имею честь информировать Вас о том, что содержащиеся в этих двух письмах утверждения правительства Ирака есть не что иное, как очередная клевета и необоснованные претензии, которые оно упорно распространяет.

Note: The ageing effect is calculated on the basis of a counterfactual exercise: The productivity growth required to generate a certain level of GDP per capita growth in view of anticipated changes in the population age structure is compared with the productivity growth required to maintain the same level of GDP per capita growth in the absence of such changes. Примечание: эффект старения рассчитывается на основе анализа контрфактуальной ситуации: темпы роста производительности труда, требующиеся для обеспечения конкретных темпов роста ВВП на душу населения с учетом ожидаемых изменений в возрастной структуре населения, сопоставляются с темпами роста производительности труда, требующимися для обеспечения тех же темпов роста ВВП на душу населения в отсутствие таких изменений.

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